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Brief History. Australia became a commonwealth of the British Empire in 1901. It was able to take advantage of its natural resources to rapidly develop its agricultural and manufacturing industries and to make a major contribution to the British effort in World Wars I and II. Long-term concerns include pollution, particularly depletion of the ozone layer, and management and conservation of coastal areas, especially the Great Barrier Reef. A referendum to change Australia's status, from a commonwealth headed by the British monarch to an independent republic, was defeated in 1999.
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Country Information
Local name: Australia Capital: Canberra Population: 20,264,082 Government: federal parliamentary democracy Currency: Australian dollar (AUD) Land size: total: 7,686,850 sq km Topography: mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast Typical foods: Meat pie, Hamburger with Beetroot, Prawns, Balmain Bug/Moreton Bay Bug, Vegemite on Toast, Pavlova Major exports: coal, gold, meat, wool, alumina, iron ore, wheat, machinery and transport equipment |
Information on the People
Official language: English 79.1% Other languages spoken: Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% Religions: Catholic 26.4%, Anglican 20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% Literacy rate: 99% Male/Female Ratio: 0.99 male(s) to every 1 female Life expectancy: 80.5 years Ethnic groups: Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1% Internet users: 14,189,544 Famous people: Cate Blanchett, Kylie Minogue |
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