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Brief History. Austria is a landlocked country of central Europe. It was settled by Celtic tribes, the region was conquered (15 B.C.-A.D. 10) by the Romans and later (8th century) by Charlemagne, who made it a border state of the Carolingian Empire. In the 13th century, Austria passed to the Hapsburg family and became the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was later reduced to a small republic after being defeated in the World War I. Annexed by Adolph Hitler in 1938, Austria regained full sovereignty in 1955. A prosperous, democratic country. Austria entered the Economic and Monetary Union in 1999.

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Country Information

Local name: Oesterreich

Capital: Vienna

Population: 8,192,880

Government: federal republic

Currency: euro (EUR)

Land size: 83,870 sq km

Topography: in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping

Typical foods: Sachertorte, wiener schnitzel (Vienna), apfelstrudel

Major exports: machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, paper and paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs

Information on the People

Official language: German

Other languages spoken: Slovene (official in Carinthia), Croatian (official in Burgenland), Hungarian (official in Burgenland)

Religions: Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 2%, none 12%

Literacy rate: 98%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.95 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 79.07 years

Ethnic groups: Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4%

Internet users: 4.65 million

Famous people: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Arnold Schwarzenegger

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