Bosnia and Herzegovina Flag

Brief History. Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991, was followed by a declaration of independence from the former Yugoslavia. In March 1994, Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement creating a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties signed a peace agreement that brought to a halt the three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995). The Dayton Agreement retained Bosnia and Herzegovina's international boundaries and created a joint multi-ethnic and democratic government. This national government was charged with conducting foreign, economic, and fiscal policy. Also recognized was a second tier of government comprised of two entities roughly equal in size: the Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska (RS).

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Country Information

Local name: Bosna i Hercegovina

Capital: Sarajevo

Population: 4,498,976

Government: emerging federal democratic republic

Currency: marka (BAM)

Land size: 51,129 sq km

Topography: mountains and valleys

Typical foods:

Major exports: metals, clothing, wood products

Information on the People

Official language: Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian

Other languages spoken:

Religions: Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 14%

Literacy rate: 94.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.97 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 78 years

Ethnic groups: Bosniak 48%, Serb 37.1%, Croat 14.3%, other 0.6%

Internet users: 225,000

Famous people:

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