Botswana Flag

Brief History. This region was originally inhabited by the San and later (18th century) by the Tswana. The region became a British protectorate after 1885 known under the name of Bechuanaland, and it adopted its new name upon declaring independence in 1996. Four decades of uninterrupted civilian leadership, progressive social policies, and significant capital investment have created one of the most dynamic economies in Africa. Dominating economic activity is mineral extraction, principally diamond mining. Also, tourism is a growing sector due to the country's conservation practices and extensive nature preserves.

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Country Information

Local name: Botswana

Capital: Gaborone

Population: 1,639,833

Government: parliamentary republic

Currency: pula (BWP)

Land size: 600,370 sq km

Topography: predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest

Typical foods:

Major exports: diamonds, copper, nickel, soda ash, meat, textiles

Information on the People

Official language: Setswana, English

Other languages spoken: Kalanga, Sekgalagadi, other

Religions: Christian 71.6%, Badimo 6%, other 1.4%, unspecified 0.4%, none 20.6%

Literacy rate: 79.8%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.96 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 33.74 years

Ethnic groups: Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%

Internet users: 60,000

Famous people:

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