Chile Flag

Brief History. Chile was originally occupied by the Inca and Araucanian Indians, until the Spanish came, in 16th century. Chile declared independency in 1810 although decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-84), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won its present northern lands. A three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador Allende was overthrown in 1973 by a dictatorial military regime led by Augusto Pinochet, who ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady growth and have helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.

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Country Information

Local name: Chile

Capital: Santiago

Population: 16,134,219

Government: republic

Currency: Chilean peso (CLP)

Land size: 756,950 sq km

Topography: low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east

Typical foods:

Major exports: copper, fruit, fish products, paper and pulp, chemicals, wine

Information on the People

Official language: Spanish

Other languages spoken:

Religions: Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish NEGL%

Literacy rate: 96.2%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.98 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 76.77 years

Ethnic groups: white and white-Amerindian 95%, Amerindian 3%, other 2%

Internet users: 5.6 million

Famous people:

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