Colombia Flag

Brief History. This area was previously inhabited by the Chibchas. It was settled by the Spanish in 1530s and formed the nucleus of the viceroyalty of New Granada after 1740. The area gained its independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simón Bolívar. However, modern state of Colombia did not emerge until after Venezuela and Ecuador (1830) and later Panama (1903) had become separate nations.

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Country Information

Local name: Colombia

Capital: Bogota

Population: 43,593,035

Government: republic; executive branch dominates government structure

Currency: Colombian peso (COP)

Land size: 1,138,910 sq km

Topography: flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains

Typical foods: Bandeja paisa

Major exports: petroleum, coffee, coal, apparel, bananas, cut flowers
Information on the People

Official language: Spanish

Other languages spoken:

Religions: Roman Catholic 90%, other 10%

Literacy rate: 92.5%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.96 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 71.99 years

Ethnic groups: mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1%

Internet users: 3,585,688

Famous people: Shakira

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