Equatorial Guinea Flag

Brief History. This western African country includes both mainland territory and a number of islands. The Portuguese explorer Fernando Po came to the islands in 1473 and the area remained under Portuguese control until 1778, when it was relinquished to Spain. The region was accorded the status of a Spanish province in 1959 and at this point, investment from the mother country made Equatorial Guinea's population one of the most prosperous and well-educated in Africa. Granted autonomy in 1963, independence followed in 1968. The country's first president banned opposition parties two years later and in 1972, made himself president for life. Country has great perspective due to recent oil discoveries.

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Country Information

Local name: Guinea Ecuatoria

Capital: Malabo

Population: 540,109

Government: republic

Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF)

Land size: 28,051 sq km

Topography: coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

Typical foods:

Major exports: petroleum, methanol, timber, cocoa

Information on the People

Official language: Spanish, French

Other languages spoken: English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo

Religions: nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices

Literacy rate: 85.7%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.96 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 49.54 years

Ethnic groups: Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish

Internet users: 5,000

Famous people:

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