Ethiopia Flag

Brief History. Ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule with the exception of the 1936-41 Italian occupation during World War II. In 1974, a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile Selasie (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. Torn by bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought, and massive refugee problems, the regime was finally toppled in 1991 by a coalition of rebel forces, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). A constitution was adopted in 1994, and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995.

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Country Information

Local name: Ityop'iya

Capital: Addis Ababa

Population: 74,777,981

Government: federal republic

Currency: birr (ETB)

Land size: 1,127,127 sq km

Topography: high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley

Typical foods: doro wat

Major exports: coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds
Information on the People

Official language: Amharic

Other languages spoken: Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English

Religions: Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8%

Literacy rate: 42.7%

Male/Female Ratio: 1 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 49.03 years

Ethnic groups: Oromo 40%, Amhara and Tigre 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1%

Internet users: 113,000

Famous people: Haile Selassie

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