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Brief History. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Ethnic separation in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, poor governance, and Russian military bases deny the government effective control over the entirety of the state's internationally recognized territory. Despite myriad problems, progress on market reforms and democratization support the country's goal of greater integration with Western political, economic and security institutions.

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Country Information

Local name: Sak'art'velo

Capital: T'bilisi

Population: 4,661,473

Government: republic

Currency: lari (GEL)

Land size: 69,700 sq km

Topography: largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland

Typical foods:

Major exports: scrap metal, machinery, chemicals; fuel reexports; citrus fruits, tea, wine
Information on the People

Official language: Georgian 71%

Other languages spoken: Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7%

Religions: Orthodox Christian 83.9%, Muslim 9.9%, Armenian-Gregorian 3.9%, Catholic 0.8%, other 0.8%, none 0.7%

Literacy rate: 100%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.91 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 76.09 years

Ethnic groups: Georgian 83.8%, Azeri 6.5%, Armenian 5.7%, Russian 1.5%, other 2.5%

Internet users: 175,600

Famous people:

  

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