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Brief History. Guam's first contact with western civilization occurred when a Spanish expedition under Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan reached the island in 1521 during his circumnavigation of the globe. General Miguel López de Legazpi claimed Guam for Spain in 1565.It was ceded to the US in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific.

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Country Information

Local name: Guahan

Capital: Hagatna (Agana)

Population: 171,019

Government: organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior

Currency: US dollar (USD)

Land size: 541.3 sq km

Topography: volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south

Typical foods:

Major exports: mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products; construction materials, fish, food and beverage products

Information on the People

Official language: English 38.3%

Other languages spoken: Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5%

Religions: Roman Catholic 85%, other 15%

Literacy rate: 99%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.04 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 78.58 years

Ethnic groups: Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8%

Internet users: 79,000

Famous people:

  

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