Guatemala Flag

Brief History. Heart of the Mayan empire, the region that would become Guatemala, was taken by the Spanish in 1524. Guatemala also became the center of the United Provinces of Central America after 1821, when Spanish rule was overthrown. In 1838, Guatemala became independent, following the dissolution of the United Provinces. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict.

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Country Information

Local name: Guatemala

Capital: Guatemala

Population: 12,293,545

Government: constitutional democratic republic

Currency: quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed

Land size: 108,890 sq km

Topography: mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau

Typical foods:

Major exports: coffee, sugar, petroleum, apparel, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom
Information on the People

Official language: Spanish 60%

Other languages spoken: Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)

Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs

Literacy rate: 70.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.99 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 69.38 years

Ethnic groups: Mestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish - in local Spanish called Ladino) and European 59.4%, K'iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q'eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1%

Internet users: 756,000

Famous people:

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