Indonesia Flag

Brief History. The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; the islands were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence after Japan's surrender, but it required four years of intermittent negotiations, recurring hostilities, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to relinquish its colony. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and home to the world's largest Muslim population. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing financial sector reforms, stemming corruption, and holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations.

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Country Information

Local name: Indonesia

Capital: Jakarta

Population: 245,452,739

Government: republic

Currency: Indonesian rupiah (IDR)

Land size: 1,919,440 sq km

Topography: mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains

Typical foods: Gado-gado, nasi goreng, ristoffel

Major exports: oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber

Information on the People

Official language: Bahasa Indonesia

Other languages spoken: English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese

Religions: Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1%

Literacy rate: 87.9%

Male/Female Ratio: 1 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 69.87 years

Ethnic groups: Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26%

Internet users: 18 million

Famous people:

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