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Brief History. Since he took power in a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-Qadhafi has espoused his own political system - a combination of socialism and Islam - which he calls the Third International Theory. Viewing himself as a revolutionary leader, he used oil funds during the 1970s and 1980s to promote his ideology outside Libya, even supporting subversives and terrorists abroad to hasten the end of Marxism and capitalism. Libyan military adventures failed, e.g., the prolonged foray of Libyan troops into the Aozou Strip in northern Chad was finally repulsed in 1987. Libyan support for terrorism decreased after UN sanctions were imposed in 1992. Those sanctions were suspended in April 1999.

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Country Information

Local name: Libiyah

Capital: Tripoli

Population: 5,900,754

Government: Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship

Currency: Libyan dinar (LYD)

Land size: 1,759,540 sq km

Topography: mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions

Typical foods:

Major exports: crude oil, refined petroleum products, natural gas

Information on the People

Official language: Arabic

Other languages spoken: Italian, English

Religions: Sunni Muslim 97%

Literacy rate: 82.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.05 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 76.69 years

Ethnic groups: Berber and Arab 97%, Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, Tunisians

Internet users: 205,000

Famous people:

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