Niger Flag - Nigerien Flag

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Brief History. In the 1800s, Britain and Germany came into the picture as their explorers searched for the source of the Niger River. It was the French, however, who prevailed in Niger which became a French colony in 1922, governed from Senegal and along with other African French colonial peoples, those of Niger gained French citizenship in 1946 and some measure of self-rule followed. Independence was achieved in 1960. Niger's first president was overthrown by a military coup in 1974 and it took 15 years for the country to start moving towards democracy.

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Country Information

Local name: Niger

Capital: Niamey

Population: 12,525,094

Government: republic

Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF)

Land size: 1.267 million sq km

Topography: predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north

Typical foods:

Major exports: uranium ore, livestock, cowpeas, onions

Information on the People

Official language: French

Other languages spoken: Hausa, Djerma

Religions: Muslim 80%, remainder indigenous beliefs and Christian

Literacy rate: 17.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.05 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 43.76 years

Ethnic groups: Hausa 56%, Djerma 22%, Fula 8.5%, Tuareg 8%, Beri Beri (Kanouri) 4.3%, Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 1.2%, about 1,200 French expatriates

Internet users: 24,000

Famous people:

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