Pakistan Flag

Brief History. Pakistan separated from British India in 1947, and became the Muslim state of Pakistan. Hindu India was never satisfactorily resolved, and India and Pakistan fought two wars - in 1947-48 and 1965 - over the disputed Kashmir territory. A third war between these countries in 1971 - in which India capitalized on Islamabad's marginalization of Bengalis in Pakistani politics - resulted in East Pakistan becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. In response to Indian nuclear weapons testing, Pakistan conducted its own tests in 1998. The dispute over the state of Kashmir is ongoing, but discussions and confidence-building measures have led to decreased tensions since 2002.

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picture of Pakistan flag
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Country Information

Local name: Pakistan

Capital: Islamabad

Population: 165,803,560

Government: federal republic

Currency: Pakistani rupee (PKR)

Land size: 803,940 sq km

Topography: flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west

Typical foods:

Major exports: textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, manufactures, carpets and rugs
Information on the People

Official language: Urdu 8%

Other languages spoken: Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English %

Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3%

Literacy rate: 48.7%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.05 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 63.39 years

Ethnic groups: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants)

Internet users: 7.5 million

Famous people:

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