Panama Flag

Brief History. Panama was claimed by the Spanish in 1501 and nearly two decades later, the City of Panama was established. In 1903, Panama agreed to develop a canal zone that would be under US control. Eleven years later, the mighty Panama Canal was opened. Functioning as a protectorate of the US (i.e., the US guaranteed the 'independence' of the country), the US maintained that it had the right to intervene militarily when its interests were threatened, as it did in 1918. In 1936, the protectorate status was abolished and the US agreed that it would not have the right to intervene in the cities of Panama and Colon. A new canal treaty was negotiated in 1977; it provided for the Panamanians to take control of the canal in 2000.

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Country Information

Local name: Panama

Capital: Panama

Population: 3,191,319

Government: constitutional democracy

Currency: balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)

Land size: 78,200 sq km

Topography: interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills

Typical foods:

Major exports: bananas, shrimp, sugar, coffee, clothing

Information on the People

Official language: Spanish

Other languages spoken: English

Religions: Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 15%

Literacy rate: 92.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.02 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 75.22 years

Ethnic groups: mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 70%, Amerindian and mixed (West Indian) 14%, white 10%, Amerindian 6%

Internet users: 300,000

Famous people:

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