Portugal Flag

Brief History. Portugal was a world power during the 15th and 16th centuries, but lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence in 1822 of Brazil as a colony. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy; for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986.

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Country Information

Local name: Portugal

Capital: Lisbon

Population: 10,605,870

Government: parliamentary democracy

Currency: euro (EUR)

Land size: 92,391 sq km

Topography: mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south

Typical foods: stockfish, Bacalhau

Major exports: clothing and footwear, machinery, chemicals, cork and paper products, hides
Information on the People

Official language: Portuguese, Mirandese

Other languages spoken: E1MPTY1

Religions: Roman Catholic 94%, Protestant

Literacy rate: 93.3%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.95 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 77.7 years

Ethnic groups: homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal

Internet users: 6.09 million

Famous people: Vasco da Gama, Ferdinand Magellan

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