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Brief History. Soviet occupation following World War II led to the formation of a Communist "peoples republic" in 1947 and the abdication of the king. The decades-long rule of dictator Nicolae Ceausescu and his Securitate police state became increasingly oppressive and draconian through the 1980s. Ceausescu was overthrown and executed in late 1989. Former communists dominated the government until 1996 when they were swept from power by a fractious coalition of center-right parties. Today the Communist Party, renamed the Party of Social Democracy, rules in cooperation with the ethnic Hungarian minority rights party. Much economic restructuring remains to be carried out before Romania can achieve its hope of joining the EU.

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Country Information

Local name: Romania

Capital: Bucharest

Population: 22,303,552

Government: republic

Currency: "new" leu (RON)

Land size: 237,500 sq km

Topography: central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps

Typical foods:

Major exports: textiles and footwear, metals and metal products, machinery and equipment, minerals and fuels, chemicals, agricultural products
Information on the People

Official language: Romanian

Other languages spoken: Hungarian, German

Religions: Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1%

Literacy rate: 98.4%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.95 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 71.63 years

Ethnic groups: Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4%

Internet users: 4.5 million

Famous people: Comaneci, Nadia

  

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