Sierra Leone Flag

Brief History. Another African country dominated initially by the Portuguese, Sierra Leone became a British colony in 1808. The diverse population has been a hallmark of Sierra Leone, comprised of native peoples and the descendants of ex-slaves. Since independence was attained in 1961, the country has withstood great difficulties, including a civil war raging on-and-off for the better part of the 1990s and a situation which has still not been fully resolved. The government is slowly reestablishing its authority after the 1991 to 2002 civil war that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 2 million people (about one-third of the population).

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Country Information

Local name: Sierra Leone

Capital: Freetown

Population: 6,005,250

Government: constitutional democracy

Currency: leone (SLL)

Land size: 71,740 sq km

Topography: coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east

Typical foods:

Major exports: diamonds, rutile, cocoa, coffee, fish

Information on the People

Official language: English

Other languages spoken: Mende, Temne, Krio

Religions: Muslim 60%, indigenous beliefs 30%, Christian 10%

Literacy rate: 29.6%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.94 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 40.22 years

Ethnic groups: 20 native African tribes 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century), refugees from Liberia's recent civil war, small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians

Internet users: 2,005

Famous people:

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