Sudan Flag - Sudanese Flag

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Brief History. Military dictatorships favoring an Islamic-oriented government have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan has been embroiled in a civil war for all but 10 years of this period (1972-82). Since 1983, the war and war- and famine-related effects have led to more than 2 million deaths and over 4 million people displaced. The war pits the Arab/Muslim majority in Khartoum against the non-Muslim African rebels in the south. Since 1989, traditional northern Muslim parties have made common cause with the southern rebels and entered the war as a part of an anti-government alliance.

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Country Information

Local name: As-Sudan

Capital: Khartoum

Population: 41,236,378

Government: Government of National Unity (GNU) - the National Congress Party (NCP) and Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) formed a power-sharing government under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA); the NCP, which came to power by military coup in 1989, is the majority partner; the agreement stipulates national elections for the 2008 - 2009 timeframe.

Currency: Sudanese dinar (SDD)

Land size: 2,505,810 sq km

Topography: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far south, northeast and west; desert dominates the north

Typical foods:

Major exports: oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar

Information on the People

Official language: Arabic

Other languages spoken: Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English

Religions: Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5%

Literacy rate: 61.1%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.02 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 58.92 years

Ethnic groups: black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%

Internet users: 1.14 million

Famous people:

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News From This Region
Darfur Rebels, Sudan Seek Cease-Fire of Three to Six Months (Bloomberg)
May 27 (Bloomberg) -- Sudan?s government and the most active rebel group in Darfur will try to reach a three- to six- month cease-fire in the western region, where fighting intensified this month, the state-run Sudan News Agency said.

Sudan: Suspected Israeli raids in winter kill 119 (AP via Yahoo! News)
Sudan's defense minister said air raids earlier this year, which the government suspects Israel conducted, killed 119 people involved in a smuggling ring.