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Brief History. Switzerland's independence and neutrality have long been honored by the major European powers and Switzerland was not involved in either of the two World Wars. The political and economic integration of Europe over the past half century, as well as Switzerland's role in many UN and international organizations has strengthened Switzerland's ties with its neighbors. Switzerland is active in many UN and international organizations, but retains a strong commitment to neutrality.

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Country Information

Local name: Schweiz (German); Suisse (French); Svizzera (Italian)

Capital: Bern

Population: 7,523,934

Government: formally a confederation, but similar in structure to a federal republic

Currency: Swiss franc (CHF)

Land size: 41,290 sq km

Topography: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes

Typical foods: rösti, fondue

Major exports: machinery, chemicals, metals, watches, agricultural products
Information on the People

Official language: German 63.7%, French 20.4%, Italian 6.5%

Other languages spoken: Serbo-Croatian 1.5%, Albanian 1.3%, Portuguese 1.2%, Spanish 1.1%, English 1%, Romansch 0.5%, other 2.8%

Religions: Roman Catholic 41.8%, Protestant 35.3%, Orthodox 1.8%, other Christian 0.4%, Muslim 4.3%, other 1%, unspecified 4.3%, none 11.1%

Literacy rate: 99%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.97 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 80.51 years

Ethnic groups: German 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6%

Internet users: 4,944,438

Famous people: Carl Jung, Jean-Jacques Rousseau

  

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