Syria Flag

Brief History. Following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, Syria was administered by the French until independence in 1946. In the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, Syria lost the Golan Heights to Israel. Since 1976, Syrian troops have been stationed in Lebanon, ostensibly in a peacekeeping capacity. In recent years, Syria and Israel have held occasional peace talks over the return of the Golan Heights.

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Country Information

Local name: Suriyah

Capital: Damascus

Population: 18,881,361

Government: republic under an authoritarian, military-dominated regime

Currency: Syrian pound (SYP)

Land size: 185,180 sq km

Topography: primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west

Typical foods:

Major exports: crude oil, petroleum products, fruits and vegetables, cotton fiber, clothing, meat and live animals, wheat
Information on the People

Official language: Arabic

Other languages spoken: Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian, French, English

Religions: Sunni Muslim 74%, Alawite, Druze, and other Muslim sects 16%, Christian (various sects) 10%, Jewish (tiny communities in Damascus, Al Qamishli, and Aleppo)

Literacy rate: 76.9%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.05 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 70.32 years

Ethnic groups: Arab 90.3%, Kurds, Armenians, and other 9.7%

Internet users: 800,000

Famous people:

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