Taiwan Flag

Brief History. Taiwan, located off the coast of China, came to prominence in 1949 when the Nationalist forces (about two million strong) retreated from the Mainland as Communism took over the country. For decades, the world recognized Taiwan as the legitimate government of China but in 1971, Communist China assumed the United Nations seat that had been occupied by Taiwan. Eight years later, Taiwan's firmest ally, the United States, recognized the People's Republic of China. Worries that Taiwan would be harmed economically were misplaced and in the decades since, it has become one of the strongest in the world. Taiwan's government has maintained coolness towards any suggestion that Taiwan 'reunify' with the Communist Mainland.

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Country Information

Local name: T'ai-wan

Capital: Taipei

Population: 23,036,087

Government: multiparty democracy

Currency: new Taiwan dollar (TWD)

Land size: 35,980 sq km

Topography: eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west

Typical foods:

Major exports: computer products and electrical equipment, metals, textiles, plastics and rubber products, chemical

Information on the People

Official language: Mandarin Chinese

Other languages spoken: Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects

Religions: mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5%

Literacy rate: 96.1%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.04 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 77.43 years

Ethnic groups: Taiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, aborigine 2%

Internet users: 13.8 million

Famous people: Chu Mei-feng; Ang Lee

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