Turkey Flag

Brief History. Turkey was created in 1923 from the Turkish remnants of the Ottoman Empire. In 1945 Turkey joined the UN and in 1952 it became a member of NATO. In 1984, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), a Marxist-Leninist, separatist group, initiated an insurgency in Southeast Turkey, often using terrorist tactics to try to attain its goal of an independent Kurdistan. The group - whose leader, Abdullah OCALAN, was captured in Kenya in February 1999 and sentenced to death by a Turkish court - has observed a unilateral cease-fire since September 1999, although there have been occasional clashes between Turkish military units and some of the 4,000-5,000 armed PKK militants, most of whom currently are encamped in northern Iraq. The PKK changed its name to the Kurdistan Freedom and Democracy Congress (KADEK) in April 2002.

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Country Information

Local name: Turkiye

Capital: Ankara

Population: 70,413,958

Government: republican parliamentary democracy

Currency: Turkish lira (YTL)

Land size: 780,580 sq km

Topography: high central plateau (Anatolia); narrow coastal plain; several mountain ranges

Typical foods: döner kebab

Major exports: apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport equipment

Information on the People

Official language: Turkish

Other languages spoken: Kurdish, Dimli, Azeri, Kabardian

Religions: Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2%

Literacy rate: 86.5%

Male/Female Ratio: 1.02 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 72.62 years

Ethnic groups: Turkish 80%, Kurdish 20%

Internet users: 5.5 million

Famous people:

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