Uzbekistan Flag - Uzbekistani Flag

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Brief History. The heart of central Asia, Uzbekistan is today made up of peoples descended from Mongol, Turkic, and Iranian tribes, along with indigenous nomadic peoples. Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. In 1924 a socialist republic was set up and stiff resistance to the Red Army was eventually suppressed. While developing its mineral and petroleum reserves, the country, which was independent since 1991, seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture. Terrorism by Islamic militants, economic stagnation, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization are the current concerns of this country.

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Country Information

Local name: Ozbekiston

Capital: Tashkent (Toshkent)

Population: 27,307,134

Government: republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch

Currency: Uzbekistani soum (UZS)

Land size: 447,400 sq km

Topography: mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west

Typical foods:

Major exports: cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles

Information on the People

Official language: Uzbek 74.3%

Other languages spoken: Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%

Religions: Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%

Literacy rate: 99.3%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.98 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 64.58 years

Ethnic groups: Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5%

Internet users: 880,000

Famous people:

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