Vietnam Flag

Brief History. France occupied all of Vietnam by 1884. Independence was declared after World War II, but the French continued to rule until 1954 when they were defeated by Communist forces under Ho Chi Minh, who took control of the north. US economic and military aid to South Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement in 1973. Two years later North Vietnamese forces overran the south. Economic reconstruction of the reunited country has proven difficult as aging Communist Party leaders have only grudgingly initiated reforms necessary for a free market.

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Country Information

Local name: Viet Nam

Capital: Hanoi

Population: 84,402,966

Government: Communist state

Currency: dong (VND)

Land size: 329,560 sq km

Topography: low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest

Typical foods: bánh mě, pho+?

Major exports: crude oil, marine products, rice, coffee, rubber, tea, garments, shoes

Information on the People

Official language: Vietnamese

Other languages spoken: English, some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area languages

Religions: Buddhist 9.3%, Catholic 6.7%, Hoa Hao 1.5%, Cao Dai 1.1%, Protestant 0.5%, Muslim 0.1%, none 80.8%

Literacy rate: 90.3%

Male/Female Ratio: 0.98 male(s) to every 1 female

Life expectancy: 70.85 years

Ethnic groups: Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1%

Internet users: 5.87 million

Famous people: Ho Chi Minh

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